Studies on the Structure and Properties of Cordierite Synthesized by Talc-Magnesite

Homogeneous cordierite has been synthesized at low cost by talc-magnesite and coal gangue as the main raw materials. The mechanism of synthesizing cordierite under such a com- posing system of raw materials, and the effect of temperature on the crystal cell parameters and microstructure and thermal expansion coefficient of cordierite crystal have been studied via testing methods of XRD, SEM, etc. The result shows that the homogeneous cordierite can be synthesized by the systematic composing materials of “talc-magnesite—coal gangue—talc” with heat pre- servation at 1350 ℃ for 1 h; as the keeping time is prolonged, Al3+ and Mg2+ in cordierite crystal are replaced by a few impurity ions such as Fe3+, Fe2+, etc., and the crystal cell parameters of cordierite present an increase trend; as the high-temperature heat preservation is prolonged, the content of glassy phase in the sample is increased, its density is improved, and its thermal expansion coeffi- cient presents an increase trend.     

Reliable evaluation of temperature-independent parameters in correlation of vapour–liquid equilibrium data

A new algorithm/program has been elaborated for simultaneous processing of different sets of vapour–liquid equilibrium data. The program was tested with six binary hexane + isomeric pentanol systems, each of them measured at three different isobaric conditions and one isothermal system of tert-butyl-methyl-ether + 2-methyl-2-propanol measured at three different temperatures. The correlation uses the maximum likelihood method, taking into account real behaviour of vapour phase. The parameters obtained are valid within the whole temperature range of the data, and are consistent in comparison with those obtained from individual correlations of isobars or isotherms. Results are presented for the Wilson and NRTL equations.     

ZBLAN玻璃中三价铒离子 2H11/2,4S3/2辐射跃迁的量子效率

为了探讨铒离子掺杂材料的激光制冷可能性, 依据测量样品的吸收光谱, 计算了Er3 掺杂的ZBLAN玻璃材料的Judd-Ofelt参数, 得到Ω2=3.01×10-20 cm2, Ω4=1.59×10-20 cm2, Ω6=1.03×10-20 cm2, 进而获得了2H11/2, 4S3/2及其以下各能级间跃迁的跃迁几率、分支比、寿命等数据. 测量了77 K到315 K温度范围内Er3 较强的两个绿色发射2H11/2, 4S3/2→4I15/2的发射谱及荧光寿命. 讨论了2H11/2, 4S3/2这样处于热平衡中的两个能级的量子效率的计算方法, 进而计算了它们的量子效率, 并与其它材料进行了比较.     

气液色谱法研究双—(O,O''''—二正辛基二硫代磷酸酯)合镍(Ⅱ)与五员杂环化合物加合反应的热力学性质

气液色谱法是研究酸碱相互作用热力学性质的有效方法之一,适合于气液表面化学反应的研究,可以得到一些用其他方法难以获得的热力学参数,丰富了表面化学领域的研究,具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。文献[1—4]利用气液色谱法测量了Ni[THDD]_2、Ni[(C_8H_(17)O)_2PS_2]_2与含氮、含氧有机碱加合反应的平衡常数、标准焓变和标准熵变值。作为酸碱加合反应研究的一部份,本文测定了Ni[C_8H_(17)O)_2PS_2]_2与五员杂环化合物呋喃、噻吩和吡咯反应的热力学参数。     

测接触角法确定偶联剂的最佳用量

偶联剂是一类能在无机填料和聚合物基材之间形成“分子桥”、改善两者之间相容性或提高两者之间相互作用能力的化合物。将经偶联剂改性的无机填料填充到聚合物中可以制得成本低、性能好的复合材料。由于偶联剂用量多少将对复合材料的性能产生较大影响,因此建立一种准确、简便地确定偶联剂最佳用量的方法有着十分重要的理论和实际应用意义。     

pH,Definition and measurement at high temperatures

In this review paper, the NBS scale and its limitations are briefly discussed. The magnitude of liquid junction potentials and some calculated values are presented. The use of a molality scale for hydrogen electrode concentration cells at high temperatures is described, and results from measurements on ionization equilibria are summarized. Use of this scale is also recommended for certain circumstances with cells without liquid junction. As an alternative activity scale, use of the Pitzer ion-interaction treatment for ions is recommended for special cases. Finally, reference data are presented for _±HCl in HCl(aq) to 350°C and (HCl+NaCl)(aq) to 200°C that were derived by use of the Pitzer ion-interaction treatment.Presented at the Second International Symposium on Chemistry in High Temperature Water, Provo, UT, August 1991.     

桔皮苷与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

运用荧光光谱、紫外光谱法研究了桔皮苷与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。桔皮苷分子与BSA作用导致BSA内源荧光猝灭,猝灭机理主要为静态猝灭,并存在非辐射能量转移。测定了不同温度下该反应的结合常数、结合位点数及结合热力学参数。结果表明:桔皮苷与BSA之间主要为氢键或范德华作用力,作用过程是一个熵增加、自由能降低的自发分子间作用过程;测得了供体与受体间结合距离r和能量转移效率E;并用同步荧光技术考察了桔皮苷对BSA构象的影响。     

Synthesis, Structure and Optical Properties of Cerium(Ⅲ) Triphosphate CeP3O9

The single crystal and crystallized powder of triphosphate CeP3O9 have been synthesized, and the space group of CeP3O9 has been determined to be C2221 with the cell parameters ofa = 8.6059, b = 11.2437, c = 7.3518 (A), V= 711.4(3) (A)3, Z= 4, Dc = 3.520 g/cm3, F(000) = 700,R = 0.0377 and wR = 0.0930. The absorption and emission spectra have been measured, for which the strongest absorption and emission peaks are located at 280 and 320 nm, respectively. The density of state (DOS) and dielectric function have been calculated by the DFT method. The crystal is transparent provided the wavelength is larger than 341 nm, and the observed ultraviolet cut-off edge is at about 350 nm for a polycrystalline power sample. It is possible that the triphosphate CeP3O9 will become an ultraviolet emission material.     

Optimum gas chromatographic conditions in wall-coated capillary columns. Extended and simplified forms of the Golay-equation

Band broadening in capillary columns is satisfactorily described by the Golay-equation extended to situations of appreciable pressure drop by Giddings. In practice, however, several simplifications are often made. The effect of these simplifications on the calculated values of the minimum plate height and optimum carrier gas velocity are treated systematically.     

Mechanistic aspects of the Wolff-Kishner reaction. V. The cation effect on the reaction of benzophenone hydrazone in butyl carbitol and decyl alcohol

The rate of the Wolff-Kishner reaction of benzophenone hydrazone in butyl carbitol increases as the cation of the alkoxide base is varied in the order K>Na>Li>Mg. The replacement of butyl carbitol by 1-decanol also accelerates the reaction, and an additional increase is caused by the presence of crown ether. On the basis of changes in the activation parameters, it is concluded that the reactivity of the hydrazone anion increases as the contact ion pair becomes more fully solvated and dissociated.